Getting to Know the Contenders
Introduction
The world of small-bore, high-velocity rifles has always held a unique allure. The whisper of a tiny bullet, the incredibly flat trajectory, and the potential for precise shots at extended ranges combine to create a compelling experience for hunters, target shooters, and varmint enthusiasts alike. Two cartridges, in particular, often stand shoulder-to-shoulder in this realm: the 17 Winchester Super Magnum (WSM) and the 17 Hornet. But which of these diminutive dynamos truly reigns supreme? This article delves into a comprehensive comparison, aiming to equip you with the knowledge needed to make an informed decision, based on your individual needs and shooting goals.
The 17 WSM
The 17 WSM, introduced by Winchester in the early part of the new millennium, represented a bold move to combine exceptional velocity with affordability. It was engineered to deliver impressive performance from a rimfire platform, using a shortened, modified version of the .27 caliber nail gun cartridge. It’s known for its impressive velocity straight out of the box, a feat made possible by its robust case and ample powder capacity.
The 17 Hornet
The 17 Hornet, on the other hand, traces its roots back even further. It is a centerfire cartridge based on a necked-down .22 Hornet case, making it a more traditional design with a rich legacy of use. This gives it a level of versatility that the WSM lacks due to reloading being an option. This offers more flexibility in tuning loads. Introduced earlier, it has earned a reputation as a highly accurate, effective round for varminting and small game hunting. The parent case has been around for decades, demonstrating its staying power in the world of cartridges.
Comparing Specifications: At a Glance
17 WSM
To truly understand the differences, comparing the core specifications is essential. Here’s a look at the key technical details that define each cartridge:
- Case Design: Rimfire, straight-walled
- Bullet Diameter: .172 inch
- Typical Bullet Weight: 20 grains
- Muzzle Velocity: 3,000+ feet per second (fps)
- Muzzle Energy: 400+ foot-pounds (ft-lbs)
17 Hornet
The 17 Hornet:
- Case Design: Centerfire, bottleneck
- Bullet Diameter: .172 inch
- Typical Bullet Weight: 20 grains
- Muzzle Velocity: 2,500 – 2,700 fps
- Muzzle Energy: 280 – 325 ft-lbs
A Quick Comparison
A quick glance highlights the 17 WSM’s velocity advantage, but the 17 Hornet’s centerfire design is a definite plus, particularly for reloaders.
The Pursuit of Precision: Accuracy Matters
Accuracy
Accuracy is paramount when discussing any rifle cartridge, and both the 17 WSM and 17 Hornet are capable of impressive groupings. However, there are subtle differences to consider.
17 WSM Accuracy
The 17 WSM, due to its inherently stable rimfire ignition and factory-produced ammunition, can exhibit excellent accuracy, especially in well-built rifles. Factors such as ammunition quality, rifle barrel quality, and proper scope mounting significantly influence accuracy, no matter the cartridge. Expect consistent groups at 100 yards from most quality rifles and a skilled shooter.
17 Hornet Accuracy
The 17 Hornet, a centerfire cartridge, offers reloaders greater control over their ammunition. Reloading opens doors for hand-selected components, allowing fine-tuning for maximum accuracy. This can lead to very tight groups at 100 or even 200 yards. The 17 Hornet typically offers more consistent groups, especially at the longer ranges.
Ballistic Performance: Flat and Far
Trajectory
The ballistics of these cartridges dictate how they perform at different ranges. Understanding trajectory and wind drift is crucial for making accurate shots.
17 WSM Trajectory
The 17 WSM boasts an exceptionally flat trajectory, thanks to its blistering muzzle velocity. The fast, light bullet experiences less drop over distance, making it easier to hit targets accurately at extended ranges. This flat trajectory minimizes the need for holdover at shorter distances. Wind drift is still a factor, especially in gusty conditions, but the 17 WSM can withstand these elements slightly better than its slower counterpart.
17 Hornet Trajectory
The 17 Hornet, while not as fast, still has a relatively flat trajectory compared to other small-bore cartridges. However, it does experience a steeper drop and is more susceptible to wind drift than the 17 WSM. However, the 17 Hornet, due to its reloadability, offers a wider range of bullet weights, which could be paired with heavier bullets less affected by wind at longer distances.
Defining the Effective Range
Range
The effective range is the distance at which you can consistently make ethical shots on your intended targets. Both cartridges have their limitations.
17 WSM Range
The 17 WSM shines when it comes to distance, and offers a longer effective range compared to the Hornet. This velocity advantage makes it a better option for reaching out to varmints at longer ranges.
17 Hornet Range
The 17 Hornet, on the other hand, is best suited for ranges where its slower speed is not a big detriment. Due to the lower energy and the lower velocity, hunting the 17 Hornet will not allow you to harvest big game.
Terminal Performance: What Happens When the Bullet Hits?
Energy Transfer
Terminal performance refers to how a bullet behaves upon impact, which affects its lethality.
17 WSM Terminal Performance
The 17 WSM’s high velocity contributes to impressive fragmentation and rapid energy transfer upon impact, resulting in devastating effects on small varmints. Bullet selection is key, and choosing a bullet designed for explosive expansion is critical to maximizing terminal performance.
17 Hornet Terminal Performance
The 17 Hornet, with its lower velocity, tends to cause less dramatic fragmentation but may penetrate deeper. The centerfire design also typically offers a wider range of bullet designs, allowing hunters to tailor their loads for specific target sizes and hunting scenarios.
The Rifle: Finding Your Platform
Rifle Options
The rifle you choose is equally critical in any 17 WSM vs. 17 Hornet decision. Let’s discuss rifle availability and features.
17 WSM Rifles
Rifles chambered in 17 WSM are becoming increasingly popular, with options from several major manufacturers. Prices typically range from affordable to moderately priced, making it accessible to many shooters.
17 Hornet Rifles
The 17 Hornet has been around longer, resulting in a more established rifle market. You will have more options to choose from.
Ammunition Matters: The Cost and Availability
Availability and Cost
Ammunition is a recurring cost of shooting, and its availability directly affects your ability to practice and hunt.
17 WSM Ammunition
17 WSM ammunition is readily available from multiple manufacturers. The price is very reasonable per round.
17 Hornet Ammunition
17 Hornet ammunition is also available from major ammunition manufacturers. Reloading options are available, allowing you to tailor loads to your specific needs.
Reloading Potential: Expanding Your Horizons
Reloading
The option to reload opens up a world of customization and cost savings, a significant benefit to many shooters.
17 WSM Reloading
The 17 WSM, being a rimfire cartridge, is not designed to be reloaded.
17 Hornet Reloading
The 17 Hornet is a reloader’s delight, as it is an opportunity for customization and cost savings.
Practical Applications: Where These Cartridges Excel
Target Shooting
Both cartridges have their strengths and weaknesses in real-world applications.
Varmint Hunting
For target shooting, both can be fun and accurate, especially at short ranges. The affordability of the 17 WSM gives it an edge.
Small Game Hunting
For varmint hunting, both are well-suited. The 17 WSM’s longer range makes it a better choice for open terrain.
For small game hunting, the 17 Hornet offers flexibility and is often preferred for its greater versatility.
The Balancing Act: Pros and Cons
17 WSM Pros and Cons
We’ve covered a lot. Now, let’s concisely summarize the pros and cons.
- Pros: High velocity, flat trajectory, longer effective range, cost-effective ammunition.
- Cons: Shorter barrel life, limited reloading options, recoil, ammunition availability.
17 Hornet Pros and Cons
17 Hornet
- Pros: More versatile, reloadable, often more accurate, wider range of bullet options.
- Cons: More expensive, slower velocity, shorter effective range.
Making the Right Choice
Choosing the Right Cartridge
So, which cartridge is right for you? The answer depends on your individual priorities.
Choosing the 17 WSM
If you’re budget-conscious, or if you value the flat trajectory and longer reach for varmint hunting, the 17 WSM may be the better choice.
Choosing the 17 Hornet
If you’re a reloader seeking maximum accuracy and versatility, the 17 Hornet offers more tuning possibilities. It’s also a good choice if you want more options in bullets and overall range.
Conclusion
Final Thoughts
Ultimately, the best way to decide is to try both if possible and see which one aligns best with your shooting style and hunting needs. Both offer an enjoyable shooting experience and demonstrate the effectiveness of these “tiny bullets.”
